Comparison of Retinal (Retinaldehyde) and Retinal-EZ™ (Encapsulated Water Dispersible Retinal)

Both Retinal (Retinaldehyde) and Retinal-EZ™ (Encapsulated Water Dispersible Retinal) contain Retinaldehyde, which is a form of Vitamin A known for its effectiveness in anti-aging and reducing wrinkles. Retinaldehyde is converted by the skin into Retinoic Acid, the active form of Vitamin A.

The key difference lies in their form and composition:

• Retinal (Retinaldehyde) is the pure form, typically a dark red-brown flake, soluble in oil, and used at low concentrations (0.01-0.1%). It requires careful formulation (oil-in-water emulsion, avoiding heat and light) for stability.
• Retinal-EZ™ (Encapsulated Water Dispersible Retinal) is an encapsulated liquid form designed to be water-dispersible. This makes it easier to incorporate into water-based formulations. The encapsulation also helps with stability.

Now, addressing your specific questions:

1. What percentage of Retinaldehyde is in ActiveRelease Retinal™ (Retinal-EZ™)?
   Based on the INCI name provided in the product description for Retinal-EZ™, it contains 2.0% Retinal.

2. What percentage of ActiveRelease Retinal™ (Retinal-EZ™) is equivalent to 0.1% Retinaldehyde?
   To achieve a concentration of 0.1% pure Retinaldehyde using Retinal-EZ™ (which contains 2.0% Retinaldehyde), you would need to use 5% of Retinal-EZ™ in your formulation.

   • Calculation: (Desired concentration of pure Retinal / Concentration of pure Retinal in Retinal-EZ™) * 100%
   • (0.1% / 2.0%) * 100% = 5%

This means that using 5% of Retinal-EZ™ provides the same amount of active Retinaldehyde as using 0.1% of the pure Retinal (Retinaldehyde).