Compatibility of Niacinamide and Witch Hazel

When mixing Niacinamide with Witch Hazel, there is a possibility of crystallization, often appearing as small white crystals or "flowers". This can happen because Witch Hazel is typically acidic (pH 3-5), and Niacinamide is most stable and soluble in a pH range of 4.0-7.0. If the final pH of the mixture drops too low (below 4), Niacinamide can precipitate out of the solution.

To minimize the chance of crystallization:

• Check the final pH: After mixing Niacinamide solution with Witch Hazel, measure the pH of the resulting mixture.
• Adjust pH if necessary: If the pH is below 4.0, you may need to slightly increase the pH using a suitable pH adjuster (like Triethanolamine or Sodium Hydroxide solution) to bring it into the optimal range of 4.0-7.0 for Niacinamide solubility.
• Consider concentration: Using Niacinamide at very high concentrations (e.g., 10% or more) in a low pH environment increases the risk of crystallization.

By ensuring the final pH of your formulation is within the recommended range for Niacinamide, you can help prevent the formation of crystals.