Dimethyl Isosorbide (DMI) and Activated Resorcinol

Based on the information available, Dimethyl Isosorbide (DMI) is a penetration enhancer that is primarily suitable for carrying water-soluble ingredients into the skin. Activated Resorcinol (4-Butyl Resorcinol), on the other hand, is oil-soluble and its description suggests dissolving it in oil for formulation.

Therefore, using DMI at 2% might not be the most effective way to deliver Activated Resorcinol into the skin, as DMI is better suited for water-soluble substances.

Alternative Carriers for Activated Resorcinol

For delivering an oil-soluble ingredient like Activated Resorcinol, carriers suitable for oil-soluble substances would be more appropriate. The information on DMI mentions other penetration enhancers, including:

• Laurocapram (Oil-Soluble): Suitable for carrying oil-soluble ingredients.
• Phospholipid: Suitable for delivering both water- and oil-soluble ingredients.

These may be more effective choices for enhancing the penetration of Activated Resorcinol.

Usage Rates

• Activated Resorcinol: The recommended usage rate for leave-on products is typically not more than 1%.
• Dimethyl Isosorbide (DMI): The general usage rate is 1-10%, with 3% recommended for transporting ingredients. However, as noted, DMI is primarily for water-soluble ingredients.

Specific ratios for combining different carriers would need to be determined through formulation testing to ensure solubility, stability, and optimal delivery for your specific product.

When formulating with Activated Resorcinol, remember it is light-sensitive and the finished product should be protected from light. The optimal pH range for Activated Resorcinol is 4.5-5.5.