Formulating Toner with Perfect-C: Emulsification and Penetration

Based on the staff's response regarding your questions about modifying your toner:

1. Adding Perfect-C with Polysorbate 20: According to the staff, using Polysorbate 20 to emulsify Perfect-C (Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate) is not recommended. Polysorbate 20 can only emulsify a very small amount of oil, and using a higher concentration to emulsify more oil would result in a sticky texture, which is not suitable for a toner. The staff suggests considering Oil Blender if you wish to add Perfect-C at a concentration of 1-5%.
2. Adding a penetration enhancer: The staff suggests considering adding 1,2-Hexanediol at 3%. This ingredient functions as both a preservative and helps enhance the penetration of other ingredients into the skin.