Ingredients to Help Reduce Melasma

Based on the information provided, melasma can often be caused by excessive melanin production. Several ingredients can help address this issue:

• Alpha Arbutin: This ingredient works by inhibiting the enzyme Tyrosinase, which is essential for melanin synthesis. It helps to brighten the skin and create a more even tone.
• Lemon Peel Bioferment (Lemon Skin™): Derived from fermented lemon peel, this ingredient is effective at suppressing skin pigmentation by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and also provides antioxidant benefits.
• Azelaic Acid (Liquid Azelaic™): This water-soluble form helps to brighten skin, reduce dark spots, control excess oil, and reduce acne. It works by reducing melanin pigment production and can also help fade existing pigment.
• Vitamin C: Various forms of Vitamin C are beneficial for skin brightening, reducing dark spots, and acting as antioxidants. Some stable forms available include:
  • L-ascorbic acid: A potent form for brightening and reducing wrinkles.
  • Ascorbyl Glucoside (AA-2G Stabilized Vitamin C): A stable, water-soluble derivative that brightens skin and reduces free radicals.
  • Ethyl Ascorbic Acid: A highly stable, water-soluble form that brightens skin by reducing Tyrosinase and can also help reduce existing melanin.
  • Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate (SAP): A highly stable, water-soluble form effective for skin brightening.

As previously mentioned, the most important first step in managing hyperpigmentation like melasma is protecting your skin from UV exposure by using SPF and avoiding direct sunlight. If using ingredients that target melanin does not show improvement after approximately one month, you may consider exploring options that address other potential causes, such as Lipofuscin.