Lotion Separation with 40% Oil Phase
Question
I am making a lotion formulation with a high oil phase (40% oil, 60% water). The lotion is separating into layers. What could be the cause, and how can I fix this issue to create a stable, concentrated lotion? I can provide the specific ingredients and mixing procedure if needed.
Answer
Hello,
Thank you for providing the oil and water percentages (40% oil, 60% water).
Lotion separation, especially with a high oil phase like 40%, usually indicates that the emulsifier system is not strong enough to keep the oil and water phases stably mixed. Emulsifiers are crucial for creating and maintaining an emulsion.
To address this issue and achieve a stable, concentrated lotion with 40% oil, consider the following:
- Emulsifier Strength/Concentration: A 40% oil phase is quite high and requires a robust emulsifier system. The amount and type of emulsifier(s) you are currently using might be insufficient. You may need to increase the concentration of your current emulsifier(s) or switch to a more powerful emulsifier or a combination of emulsifiers specifically designed for high oil loads.
- Mixing Method: Proper mixing technique is also vital. Ensure both the oil and water phases are heated to the recommended temperature (usually around 70-80°C) before combining. Mix the phases thoroughly with adequate shear (e.g., using a homogenizer or a high-speed mixer) for a sufficient duration to form a stable emulsion. Cooling the emulsion slowly while continuing to stir can also help.
- Stabilizers/Thickeners: Adding co-emulsifiers, stabilizers, or thickeners (like gums, polymers, or fatty alcohols) can help increase the viscosity of the lotion and further stabilize the emulsion, preventing separation over time.
Your desire for a concentrated formula (high oil content) directly relates to the need for a very effective emulsification system.
To provide more specific advice, it would be very helpful if you could share:
- The specific names and percentages of all ingredients used (oils, emulsifiers, water phase ingredients, etc.).
- The detailed step-by-step mixing procedure you followed.
Knowing these details will allow us to pinpoint potential issues and suggest more precise adjustments.
We look forward to hearing from you so we can assist further!
Best regards,
[Your Name/Team]