Preservative usage in low-water formula (4% water) - Phenoxyethanol concentration

Yes, even with only 4% water in the formula, it is generally recommended to include a preservative, especially if the product is intended for commercial sale.

For commercial production, the staff recommends using a preservative at a concentration of at least 0.5% of the total formula to ensure long-term stability and protection against potential contamination during storage and use.

For personal use, the calculated amount of 0.04% Phenoxyethanol (which is 1% of the water content) is considered acceptable. The staff suggests preparing the water phase with 1% Phenoxyethanol for easier measurement in this case.

Therefore, while 0.04% Phenoxyethanol might be sufficient for personal use according to the staff, a higher concentration (at least 0.5% of the total formula) is advised for products intended for sale to ensure adequate preservation over time.