Answers to Your Questions

Here are the answers to your questions regarding cosmetic ingredients:

1. Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate (Perfect-C™)

Perfect-C™, which is Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate, is known for being gentle and non-irritating, unlike L-Ascorbic Acid which can cause irritation at high concentrations due to its acidity. You can safely use Perfect-C™ at the maximum recommended concentration of 10% even on sensitive skin. It helps strengthen the skin by stimulating collagen production and offers antioxidant benefits. It is suitable for use in both day and night cream formulations.

2. Skin Defense vs. Bisabolol for Reducing Irritation

Both Skin Defense and Bisabolol are used to help reduce skin irritation. While Skin Defense may appear cheaper per gram, Bisabolol (such as Natural Bisabolol or Alpha Bisabolol) is typically used at a much lower concentration (0.5-1%) compared to Skin Defense (which requires around 5% according to the information provided). When considering the required usage rate, the cost per formulation becomes more comparable. Bisabolol, derived from chamomile, works by inhibiting inflammatory processes in the skin. The effectiveness can vary depending on individual skin types.

3. Skin Defense for UV Protection

Skin Defense does not function as a UV filter or blocker. Its role is to help protect skin cells from damage caused by UV radiation, particularly intense UVA light. It helps prevent skin cells from being easily harmed by sun exposure, but it does not prevent the UV rays from reaching the skin in the first place. For UV protection, you would need to use dedicated sunscreen ingredients.