Using Phospholipid (Hydrogenated Lecithin) in a Clear Serum Formulation

Based on the properties of Phospholipid (Hydrogenated Lecithin, Product ID 1169), it is generally not possible to incorporate it into a perfectly clear serum formulation.

Here is the explanation:

1. Liposome Formation: Hydrogenated Lecithin is a natural phospholipid that, when dispersed in water-based systems like a serum, spontaneously forms microscopic structures called liposomes (vesicles).
2. Clarity Issue: These liposomes, while beneficial for skin penetration and moisturizing, are large enough to scatter light, which results in the final product appearing milky, translucent, or opaque, rather than perfectly clear.
3. Intended Use: This ingredient is commonly used in creams, lotions, and milky emulsions where a clear appearance is not a requirement.

Recommendation:

• If the primary goal is to use Phospholipid (Hydrogenated Lecithin) for its moisturizing and penetration-enhancing benefits, the customer should be prepared for the serum to be translucent or milky white.
• If a perfectly clear serum is a strict requirement, the customer must use a different type of ingredient, such as a highly soluble, non-vesicle-forming solubilizer or a specialized, clear-grade lecithin derivative (which Product ID 1169 is not).
• Typical usage rates for Phospholipid (Hydrogenated Lecithin) are generally between 0.5% and 3.0%. The higher the concentration, the more opaque the serum will become.