HPβCD‑encapsulated Sophoricoside powder (~4.5% active payload). Soothing/brightening potential; use 0.5–5% complex (~0.023–0.225% active).

Water‑dispersible quercetin concentrate; 0.2–2.0% (best ~0.75%), pH 4.0–7.5; add ≤40°C.

Boosts moisture retention & Natural Moisturizing Factor (NMF)

naturally occurring substances Looks like gel Inserted between skin cells Acts like a water reservoir for cells Protects the structure of skin cells

Molecular size 50-100k Daltons

naturally occurring substances Looks like gel Inserted between skin cells Acts like a water reservoir for cells Protects the structure of skin cells

Molecular size 3-8k Daltons

naturally occurring substances Looks like gel Inserted between skin cells Acts like a water reservoir for cells Protects the structure of skin cells

Molecular size 20-50k Daltons

naturally occurring substances Looks like gel Inserted between skin cells Acts like a water reservoir for cells Protects the structure of skin cells

Molecular size 100-500k Daltons