Adenosine Dialdehyde (ADOX)

Adenosine dialdehyde (ADOX) is primarily used as a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHase), an enzyme involved in methylation reactions. By inhibiting this enzyme, ADOX leads to the accumulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine, which in turn suppresses a wide range of methyltransferase activities. This property makes ADOX a valuable tool in biochemical and pharmacological research, especially in studies involving epigenetic regulation, RNA processing, and viral replication. It is widely applied in cell culture experiments to modulate methylation states, helping researchers investigate the role of methylation in gene expression, chromatin structure, and signal transduction. ADOX has also been used in virology to study the impact of methylation inhibition on the replication of certain viruses, including retroviruses and hepatitis viruses, which rely on host methylation machinery. Due to its ability to alter post-transcriptional modifications, ADOX serves as a probe in RNA biology, particularly in examining cap methylation and its effects on mRNA stability and translation. Its use is mainly confined to laboratory research, where it aids in dissecting methylation-dependent pathways and validating potential therapeutic targets.

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