Pyruvic Acid
- Product Code: 141333
Pyruvate is the three-carbon “pivot” between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, so supplying it (or its salts) can, in theory, bolster cellular energy and redox balance. Human and animal studies show some benefits—but also plenty of conflicting or very preliminary data—so think of these compounds as promising but still experimental dietary ingredients.
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1. Pyruvic Acid (free acid)
| Main areas studied | Evidence snapshot | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Dermatology (chemical peels 40–70 %) | Multiple controlled trials show significant reductions in comedones, papules, post-acne hyperpigmentation and sebum after six bi-weekly peels; quality-of-life scores also rise. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govnature.compubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | Topical only (professional peel). |
| Antimicrobial & collagen-stimulating | In vitro work shows broad antibacterial effects and fibroblast stimulation, supporting its use in acne and photo-ageing peels. |
Take-home: Excellent track record topically; no proven systemic oral benefits and the free acid is irritating to mucosa.
2. Sodium Pyruvate
| Main areas studied | Evidence snapshot | Doses in studies |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant & neuroprotection | Scavenges H₂O₂, preserves mitochondrial membrane potential and prevents caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in neuron models. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govsciencedirect.comresearchgate.net | 1–2 mM in cell work; 0.5–1 g/kg i.v. in animal stroke/sepsis models. |
| Exercise performance & acid–base balance | 7 g · day⁻¹ for 7 days (0.1 g kg⁻¹) improved peak and mean power during repeated-sprint tests and blunted exercise acidosis in trained men; another trial replicated the finding, yet older studies at different timings saw no effect. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govexamine.comfrontiersin.org | 6–10 g oral/day, usually divided. |
Take-home: Solid mechanistic antioxidant data and encouraging, but still mixed, sports results. Human neuroprotection trials have not yet been published.
3. Calcium Pyruvate
| Main areas studied | Evidence snapshot | Doses |
|---|---|---|
| Weight / fat loss | Early studies (5-6 g Ca-pyruvate + Na-pyruvate for 3–6 weeks) in obese women showed ~1 kg greater fat loss vs. iso-caloric placebo; later trials and a 2013 meta-analysis failed to confirm a consistent effect. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govsciencedirect.compubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | 6–30 g total pyruvate/day in divided doses. |
| Metabolic markers | Modest reductions in serum cholesterol and LDL reported in hyperlipidaemic subjects on calorie-restricted diets, but data sets are small. |
Take-home: Weight-loss claims are weak; any benefit seems small and dose-dependent. Safety at >10 g/day not well documented.
4. Potassium Pyruvate
| Proposed benefit | Current evidence |
|---|---|
| Exercise fatigue & electrolyte support | Market reports and small pilot studies suggest better potassium retention, lower perceived fatigue and modest fat-oxidation increases, but peer-reviewed human data remain scarce. marketresearchintellect.comcaringsunshine.compmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |
| Metabolic resilience | Cell and animal work indicates pyruvate-driven support of ketothiolase flux and mitochondrial function under lipid overload, hinting at metabolic-disease applications. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |
Take-home: Mostly theoretical at this stage; useful when both extra potassium and pyruvate are desired, but no clinical endpoints yet.
5. Magnesium Pyruvate
| Proposed benefit | Current evidence |
|---|---|
| High-bioavailability magnesium source | EFSA lists Mg-pyruvate as a permitted supplement salt; modelling shows total exposure well within safe limits. efsa.europa.eu |
| Mitochondrial energy & muscle function | Mg²⁺ is a co-factor for ATP enzymes; pyruvate may enhance Mg²⁺ uptake and together improve redox status in vitro and animal muscle/heart models. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govmeixi-mgo.com |
Take-home: A logical magnesium carrier with promising mechanistic support, but human trials are lacking.
Practical considerations & safety
| Issue | What we know |
|---|---|
| Dosing | Most human studies stay within 5–10 g elemental pyruvate/day; higher intakes often cause gastrointestinal upset. |
| GI tolerance | Loose stools, gas and bloating are the main complaints; divide the dose and take with food. verywellhealth.com |
| Kidney or cardiac disease | Salts add significant calcium, potassium or magnesium—monitor total mineral load if you have renal impairment or take cardiac meds. |
| Long-term data | No trials beyond 12 weeks; safety past this window is not established. |
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Pyruvic Acid
Pyruvate is the three-carbon “pivot” between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, so supplying it (or its salts) can, in theory, bolster cellular energy and redox balance. Human and animal studies show some benefits—but also plenty of conflicting or very preliminary data—so think of these compounds as promising but still experimental dietary ingredients.
1. Pyruvic Acid (free acid)
| Main areas studied | Evidence snapshot | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| Dermatology (chemical peels 40–70 %) | Multiple controlled trials show significant reductions in comedones, papules, post-acne hyperpigmentation and sebum after six bi-weekly peels; quality-of-life scores also rise. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govnature.compubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | Topical only (professional peel). |
| Antimicrobial & collagen-stimulating | In vitro work shows broad antibacterial effects and fibroblast stimulation, supporting its use in acne and photo-ageing peels. |
Take-home: Excellent track record topically; no proven systemic oral benefits and the free acid is irritating to mucosa.
2. Sodium Pyruvate
| Main areas studied | Evidence snapshot | Doses in studies |
|---|---|---|
| Antioxidant & neuroprotection | Scavenges H₂O₂, preserves mitochondrial membrane potential and prevents caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in neuron models. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govsciencedirect.comresearchgate.net | 1–2 mM in cell work; 0.5–1 g/kg i.v. in animal stroke/sepsis models. |
| Exercise performance & acid–base balance | 7 g · day⁻¹ for 7 days (0.1 g kg⁻¹) improved peak and mean power during repeated-sprint tests and blunted exercise acidosis in trained men; another trial replicated the finding, yet older studies at different timings saw no effect. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govexamine.comfrontiersin.org | 6–10 g oral/day, usually divided. |
Take-home: Solid mechanistic antioxidant data and encouraging, but still mixed, sports results. Human neuroprotection trials have not yet been published.
3. Calcium Pyruvate
| Main areas studied | Evidence snapshot | Doses |
|---|---|---|
| Weight / fat loss | Early studies (5-6 g Ca-pyruvate + Na-pyruvate for 3–6 weeks) in obese women showed ~1 kg greater fat loss vs. iso-caloric placebo; later trials and a 2013 meta-analysis failed to confirm a consistent effect. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govsciencedirect.compubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | 6–30 g total pyruvate/day in divided doses. |
| Metabolic markers | Modest reductions in serum cholesterol and LDL reported in hyperlipidaemic subjects on calorie-restricted diets, but data sets are small. |
Take-home: Weight-loss claims are weak; any benefit seems small and dose-dependent. Safety at >10 g/day not well documented.
4. Potassium Pyruvate
| Proposed benefit | Current evidence |
|---|---|
| Exercise fatigue & electrolyte support | Market reports and small pilot studies suggest better potassium retention, lower perceived fatigue and modest fat-oxidation increases, but peer-reviewed human data remain scarce. marketresearchintellect.comcaringsunshine.compmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |
| Metabolic resilience | Cell and animal work indicates pyruvate-driven support of ketothiolase flux and mitochondrial function under lipid overload, hinting at metabolic-disease applications. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |
Take-home: Mostly theoretical at this stage; useful when both extra potassium and pyruvate are desired, but no clinical endpoints yet.
5. Magnesium Pyruvate
| Proposed benefit | Current evidence |
|---|---|
| High-bioavailability magnesium source | EFSA lists Mg-pyruvate as a permitted supplement salt; modelling shows total exposure well within safe limits. efsa.europa.eu |
| Mitochondrial energy & muscle function | Mg²⁺ is a co-factor for ATP enzymes; pyruvate may enhance Mg²⁺ uptake and together improve redox status in vitro and animal muscle/heart models. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govmeixi-mgo.com |
Take-home: A logical magnesium carrier with promising mechanistic support, but human trials are lacking.
Practical considerations & safety
| Issue | What we know |
|---|---|
| Dosing | Most human studies stay within 5–10 g elemental pyruvate/day; higher intakes often cause gastrointestinal upset. |
| GI tolerance | Loose stools, gas and bloating are the main complaints; divide the dose and take with food. verywellhealth.com |
| Kidney or cardiac disease | Salts add significant calcium, potassium or magnesium—monitor total mineral load if you have renal impairment or take cardiac meds. |
| Long-term data | No trials beyond 12 weeks; safety past this window is not established. |
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