“Closest ingredient-family evidence: Rosa damascena petal extract showed antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase/whitening, and anti-skin-aging effects in cosmeceutical assays.”

“Closest ingredient-family evidence: Rosa damascena leaf extracts showed antioxidant, collagenase-inhibitory anti-aging, anti-tyrosinase/whitening activity, and no irritation in HET-CAM testing.”

“Closest Rosa damascena-derived evidence: rose placenta treatment improved wound closure in a mouse full-thickness skin wound model, associated with increased EGF release.”

“Closest ingredient-family evidence: Rosa damascena solid-state fermentation extract showed in-vitro antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, brightening, and soothing effects, with 0.5% performing best.”

“Closest Rosa damascena-derived evidence: standardized Damask rose stem-cell-derived exosome therapy showed preliminary improvements in wound healing, scar appearance, elasticity, hydration, and tissue quality in a dermatology case series.”