2'-Azido-2'-deoxyadenosine is primarily utilized in biochemical research as a modified nucleoside. It is often incorporated into nucleic acids to study the structure and function of DNA and RNA. The azido group allows for specific labeling and detection using click chemistry, making it valuable for tracking nucleic acid interactions and dynamics in cellular processes. Additionally, it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of antiviral and anticancer nucleoside analogs, contributing to the development of therapeutic agents targeting viral replication and tumor growth. Its unique structure also aids in exploring enzymatic mechanisms and nucleotide metabolism.