17β-Hydroxy-androstano is primarily utilized in the field of steroid chemistry and pharmaceutical research. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various anabolic steroids and hormone-related compounds. Researchers employ it to develop therapeutic agents targeting hormonal imbalances, muscle-wasting diseases, and certain types of cancers. Additionally, it plays a role in studying the structure-activity relationships of steroids, aiding in the design of more effective and selective drugs. Its applications also extend to biochemical studies, where it helps in understanding the mechanisms of steroid hormone action and metabolism.