Used in leather tanning to lower pH and remove hair and non-fibrous proteins from hides. Employed as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed, especially in silage, to inhibit fermentation by undesirable microorganisms. Applied in the textile industry for dyeing and finishing processes due to its reducing properties. Utilized in household and industrial cleaning products for descaling and removing mineral deposits. Serves as a source of formate in chemical synthesis, including the production of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Used in beekeeping as a miticide to control Varroa mites in honeybee colonies. Acts as a proton source and reducing agent in fuel cells and energy storage systems.