Used primarily in the production of phthalate esters, which serve as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other polymers to improve flexibility and durability. These plasticizers are found in a wide range of products including cables, flooring, hoses, and medical tubing. Also used in the synthesis of dyes, particularly anthraquinone dyes, and in the manufacture of alkyd resins for coatings and paints. Smaller applications include its use in the preparation of certain pharmaceuticals and as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis.