Widely used as a precursor in sol-gel processes to produce titanium dioxide (TiO₂) coatings and nanoparticles. These materials are applied in photocatalysis, where they break down organic pollutants under UV light, and in self-cleaning surfaces due to their hydrophilic and photocatalytic properties. It is also employed in the fabrication of anti-reflective, protective, or corrosion-resistant thin films on glass and optical devices. In organic synthesis, it serves as a Lewis acid catalyst for esterification, transesterification, and condensation reactions. Additionally, it is used in the preparation of hybrid organic-inorganic materials and ceramic membranes. Its reactivity with water and alcohols makes it suitable for in situ formation of metal oxide networks in coatings and composites.