Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in esterification, alkylation, and dehydration reactions due to its strong acidity and stability. Employed in the production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals where high selectivity is required. Acts as a corrosion inhibitor in certain industrial processes. Applied in electrochemical systems and proton-conducting membranes for fuel cells because of its good proton conductivity. Also utilized in analytical chemistry for the detection and precipitation of certain cations.