Primarily used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in esterification and polymerization reactions. It is also employed in the production of specialty chemicals and fine chemicals. In material science, it serves as a precursor for the deposition of titanium dioxide thin films, which are essential in coatings, optics, and electronics. Additionally, it is utilized in sol-gel processes to create advanced ceramics and nanocomposites. Its role in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals is also notable, where it aids in the formation of complex molecular structures.