AZD-4635 (HTL1071) is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer treatment, specifically targeting the adenosine A2A receptor. This receptor plays a significant role in the tumor microenvironment, where it can suppress immune responses. By inhibiting the A2A receptor, AZD-4635 aims to enhance the body's immune system to fight cancer more effectively. It is being studied in combination with other immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to improve therapeutic outcomes in various cancers, including prostate and non-small cell lung cancer. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy and safety in these contexts.