Oxalyl chloride is widely used in organic synthesis as a reagent for converting carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides, which are key intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers. It is particularly valuable in peptide synthesis for activating carboxyl groups, enabling the formation of peptide bonds. Additionally, it serves as a chlorinating agent in the preparation of other organic chlorides. In materials science, oxalyl chloride is employed to modify surfaces and create functionalized polymers. Its reactivity also makes it useful in the synthesis of dyes and specialty chemicals. However, due to its highly corrosive and toxic nature, it requires careful handling and appropriate safety measures during use.