Used as a precursor in the synthesis of titanium-based nanomaterials and thin films for catalytic applications. Commonly applied in sol-gel processes to produce titanium dioxide (TiO₂) coatings, which are utilized in photocatalysis, solar cells, and self-cleaning surfaces. Also employed in surface treatment of materials to enhance adhesion, corrosion resistance, and wear properties. In some cases, used in chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques for depositing titanium-containing layers in semiconductor and aerospace industries.