Isonicotinimidamide hydrochloride is primarily used in the synthesis of pharmaceutical compounds, particularly in the development of antituberculosis drugs. It serves as a key intermediate in the production of isoniazid, a first-line medication for treating tuberculosis. Additionally, it finds application in organic chemistry research as a building block for creating various heterocyclic compounds. Its role in medicinal chemistry extends to the development of potential therapeutic agents targeting bacterial infections.