NS11394 is a selective negative allosteric modulator (NAM) of α5-containing GABA_A receptors. It is primarily researched for its potential therapeutic applications in neuroscience, particularly for enhancing cognitive function. By reducing tonic GABAergic inhibition in brain regions like the hippocampus, it promotes synaptic plasticity and memory formation, making it a promising candidate for treating cognitive deficits in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Unlike positive modulators, it does not induce sedation or anxiolytic effects. Research continues to assess its efficacy, safety, and potential in other neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders.