Used as a flame retardant in plastics, textiles, and coatings, enhancing fire resistance by reducing flammability and slowing combustion. Often combined with halogenated compounds to improve effectiveness. Also serves as a catalyst in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and other industrial polymers. Employed in the manufacturing of ceramics and glass as a fining agent to remove bubbles and improve product quality. Found in some electronic materials and semiconductor applications due to its dielectric characteristics.