Nickel is widely used in the production of stainless steel, where it enhances corrosion resistance and durability, making it essential in kitchenware, construction, and chemical equipment. It plays a critical role in rechargeable batteries, especially in nickel-cadmium (NiCd) and nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) types, commonly found in electronics and hybrid vehicles. Nickel is also used as a catalyst in hydrogenation processes, such as converting vegetable oils into margarine. In the aerospace and energy sectors, nickel-based superalloys are vital for turbine engines and high-temperature applications due to their strength and resistance to thermal stress. Additionally, nickel is used in electroplating to provide a protective and decorative surface on metals.