Used as a buffering agent in analytical chemistry due to its ability to maintain stable pH levels in solution. Serves as an intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of barbiturates and other pharmaceuticals. Employed in electroplating baths to improve metal deposition efficiency and surface finish. Also utilized in biochemical research as a substrate or inhibitor in enzyme assays involving metabolic pathways like the citric acid cycle. Its derivatives are explored in the development of biodegradable polymers and coordination compounds for industrial catalysis.