Used in solid oxide fuel cells to enhance ionic conductivity at lower temperatures, improving efficiency and performance. Employed in high-intensity discharge lamps for producing bright, sunlight-like illumination, especially in film and photography lighting. Serves as a dopant in aluminum-scandium alloys for aerospace and sports equipment due to improved strength, weldability, and heat resistance. Applied in specialty ceramics and optical coatings for its thermal stability and refractive properties. Also utilized in research for catalysts and in nuclear applications as a neutron absorber.