Used as a catalyst in industrial processes, including sulfuric acid production and the synthesis of maleic anhydride through oxidation reactions. Serves as a corrosion inhibitor in water treatment, particularly in cooling systems and metal coatings to enhance rust resistance in steel and alloys.

In biochemical research, applied to study vanadium metabolism, enzyme inhibition, and insulin-mimetic effects for potential diabetes treatments. Utilized in electroplating and metal finishing to improve adhesion and surface properties.

Employed in the paints, ceramics, and glass industries to enhance heat and scratch resistance. Applied in wastewater treatment to precipitate heavy metals and remove toxins. Investigated for use in advanced battery technologies, such as vanadium-based redox flow batteries.