Used as a precursor in sol-gel processes to produce titanium dioxide (TiO₂) thin films and coatings. These coatings are applied in photocatalytic surfaces that break down organic pollutants under UV light, making them useful in self-cleaning glass and air purification systems. Also employed in the synthesis of nanomaterials and catalysts due to its ability to hydrolyze and form metal oxide networks. In organic synthesis, it acts as a Lewis acid catalyst for esterification and transesterification reactions. Additionally, it is used in the preparation of hybrid organic-inorganic materials for optical and electronic applications.