Used extensively in the electronics industry for manufacturing high-performance capacitors due to its high dielectric constant and excellent thermal stability. Found in mobile phones, computers, and medical devices where reliable, compact, and efficient components are required. Applied as a thin-film dielectric in semiconductor devices and dynamic random-access memory (DRAM). Also utilized in optical coatings for lenses and mirrors because of its high refractive index and transparency in the visible and near-infrared range. Employed in the development of advanced catalysts and in corrosion-resistant coatings for industrial equipment. Investigated for use in next-generation memory technologies and photonic integrated circuits.