Used primarily as a corrosion-resistant coating on metal surfaces, especially in automotive and aerospace industries. Applied through phosphating processes to create a protective layer that enhances paint adhesion and prevents rust. Commonly found in primers and anti-corrosion paints for steel structures. Also utilized in dental cements due to its biocompatibility and ability to bond well with tooth structure. Acts as a pigment in some industrial coatings, providing both color and protective qualities.