Used in research and development for catalytic applications, particularly in automotive exhaust systems to reduce emissions. Serves as a component in high-temperature alloys and specialty coatings due to its thermal stability. Employed in the production of advanced glass and ceramics where oxidation resistance is critical. Also utilized in nuclear applications as a neutron-absorbing material and in laboratory settings for spectroscopic analysis and thin-film deposition studies. Its high purity and defined thickness make it suitable for precision experiments in material science and surface chemistry.