Used as an abrasive in grinding and polishing due to its hardness, especially in sandpapers and cutting tools. Commonly employed as a catalyst support in industrial chemical reactions because of its high surface area and thermal stability. Serves as a refractory material in linings of furnaces and kilns, withstanding high temperatures. Applied in coatings to provide wear and corrosion resistance on metal surfaces. Utilized in the production of aluminum metal through the electrolytic process. Found in dental and medical implants as a biocompatible ceramic material. Used in electronics as a dielectric layer in integrated circuits and as a substrate for semiconductor devices. Also present in sunscreen and cosmetics for its UV-blocking and thickening properties.