Butyraldehyde is primarily used as an intermediate in the chemical industry for the production of plastics, resins, rubber chemicals, synthetic lubricants, synthetic rubber, and various coatings. It serves as a key precursor in the synthesis of 2-ethylhexanol, an important starting material for plasticizers in PVC. It is also employed in the manufacture of n-butanol via hydrogenation and as a precursor to valeraldehyde through aldol condensation.

Due to its characteristic fruity odor, it is utilized in the synthesis of perfumes, flavors (such as banana or apple scents), and dyes for applications in food, cosmetics, and other products.

In the paint and resin sector, butyraldehyde functions as a solvent and raw material for producing alkyd and melamine resins, which offer excellent resistance to moisture and heat.

Additionally, it is used in the formulation of corrosion inhibitors, in the processing of textiles and paper, as a starting material for certain pesticides in agriculture, and in biochemical research for synthesizing complex organic compounds.