Urolithin A is primarily known for its potential anti-aging and muscle health benefits. It supports mitochondrial function by promoting mitophagy—the process of clearing out damaged mitochondria and regenerating healthy ones. This action helps improve cellular energy production and reduce inflammation, making it of interest in age-related conditions. It is studied for improving muscle strength and endurance, especially in older adults, as muscle decline is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Research suggests supplementation may enhance physical performance and delay muscle aging. Urolithin A also shows promise in supporting brain health, with preclinical studies indicating neuroprotective effects that could be relevant in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s. Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may contribute to cardiovascular protection and reduced risk of chronic diseases. Ongoing research explores its role in gut health and metabolic wellness due to its origin from gut microbiome metabolism of polyphenols found in foods like pomegranates and berries.