Esculentoside H is a triterpenoid saponin derived from plants, primarily utilized in pharmacology due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. It is studied for potential therapeutic effects in treating inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines. Preliminary cell and animal studies indicate it may inhibit the growth of certain cancer cells, suggesting promise for anti-cancer drug development. Additionally, it shows hepatoprotective effects against toxin-induced liver damage, with potential applications in liver disease therapy. Its use extends to traditional medicine for managing chronic inflammatory conditions. Further research is needed to confirm efficacy and safety in humans.