Finafloxacin hydrochloride is primarily used as a potent antibacterial agent, particularly effective against a wide range of bacterial infections. Its application is notable in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs), where it demonstrates high efficacy due to its ability to perform well in acidic environments, which is typical in such infections. This characteristic makes it superior in targeting bacteria in the urinary tract compared to other antibiotics that may lose effectiveness in acidic conditions.

Additionally, it is utilized in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections in animals, especially those caused by pathogens resistant to other antibiotics. Its broad-spectrum activity ensures it can combat both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it a versatile option in clinical and veterinary settings.

In research, finafloxacin hydrochloride is studied for its potential in treating more complex infections, including those involving biofilms, which are often resistant to conventional antibiotics. Its unique properties continue to make it a subject of interest for developing new therapeutic strategies against persistent bacterial infections.