Sulfathiazole sodium is primarily used as an antibacterial agent in veterinary medicine to treat infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It is often administered to livestock and poultry to control diseases such as enteritis, respiratory infections, and wound infections. The compound is effective against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it a versatile option for managing bacterial outbreaks in animals. Additionally, it is sometimes incorporated into topical formulations for treating skin infections in animals. Its use in human medicine has declined due to the development of more advanced antibiotics and potential side effects.