Dehydroaltenusin is a fungal metabolite primarily recognized for its selective inhibition of DNA polymerase α, making it a key compound in cancer research. This property allows it to target proliferating cells, aiding in the development of anticancer drugs to control tumor growth. It also inhibits HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, showing promise in antiviral therapies against HIV and potentially other viruses by disrupting replication. Additionally, dehydroaltenusin exhibits antimicrobial activity against various bacterial strains, which could contribute to new antibiotic development. Some studies suggest antioxidant effects that may protect cells from oxidative stress. Overall, it holds potential in oncology, infectious diseases, and beyond, though applications remain largely experimental and research-oriented.