Gambogic acid is primarily studied for its potential in cancer therapy due to its ability to induce apoptosis in various cancer cells. It has shown efficacy in targeting tumors, including breast, lung, and liver cancers, by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell death. Additionally, it is being explored for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which could be beneficial in treating infections and inflammatory conditions. Research also suggests its role in enhancing the effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs, making it a potential candidate for combination therapy in cancer treatment.