Curcurbitacin IIb is primarily studied for its potential anticancer properties. It has shown promise in inhibiting the growth of various cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and disrupting cell cycle progression. Researchers are exploring its use in developing targeted therapies for cancers such as breast, prostate, and liver cancer. Additionally, it exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, making it a candidate for treating inflammatory diseases. Its ability to modulate signaling pathways like JAK/STAT and NF-κB further enhances its therapeutic potential. Studies are ongoing to optimize its efficacy and safety for clinical applications.