Anigorufone is a prenylated chalcone derived from natural sources, such as plants in the Anigozanthos genus. It is primarily investigated for its biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of NF-κB signaling and disruption of proteins involved in immune responses. Additionally, it exhibits antiproliferative properties, inhibiting the growth of certain tumor cells, making it a compound of interest in cancer research and the development of anticancer agents. Its unique structure enables interactions with cellular targets in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and signal transduction pathways. Due to its natural origin and specific bioactivity, anigorufone serves as a lead compound in medicinal chemistry for designing derivatives with enhanced efficacy and selectivity. It is also utilized as a starting material in organic synthesis for complex structures and as a biochemical tool in studying inflammation, immunity, and cancer-related pathways.