Venlafaxine is primarily used as an antidepressant in the treatment of major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. It works by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps improve mood and reduce anxiety.

In clinical practice, it is often prescribed when other antidepressants have not been effective, as it has a different mechanism of action. It is also used off-label for conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and certain types of chronic pain, including neuropathic pain.

The medication is available in both immediate-release and extended-release forms, with the latter being more commonly used due to its once-daily dosing and reduced side effects. Patients typically start with a low dose, which is gradually increased to achieve the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse reactions.

It is important for patients to follow their healthcare provider’s instructions closely, as abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Regular monitoring is also recommended to assess efficacy and manage any potential side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, or increased blood pressure.