Vofopitant is primarily used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting, particularly those induced by chemotherapy or post-operative conditions. It functions as a neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist, effectively blocking the action of substance P, a neuropeptide involved in the vomiting reflex. This makes it a valuable component in antiemetic regimens, often combined with other medications like corticosteroids or 5-HT3 antagonists to enhance its efficacy. Its application is especially beneficial in managing acute and delayed phases of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), improving patient comfort and quality of life during cancer treatment. Additionally, it has been explored for potential use in other conditions where substance P plays a role, such as migraine and anxiety disorders, though these applications are still under investigation.