LY2334737 is primarily used in the field of oncology for its potential as an anticancer agent. It functions as a prodrug of gemcitabine, which is a well-known chemotherapy drug. The compound is designed to improve the delivery and efficacy of gemcitabine by enhancing its stability and bioavailability in the body. This makes it particularly useful in targeting and treating various types of cancers, including pancreatic, lung, and breast cancer. Researchers are also exploring its application in combination therapies to enhance the overall effectiveness of cancer treatment regimens. Its development represents an effort to overcome some of the limitations associated with traditional chemotherapy drugs, such as drug resistance and systemic toxicity.