Fludarabine is primarily used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, particularly chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). It works by interfering with the growth and spread of cancer cells in the body. This medication is often administered when other treatments have not been effective.

In addition to CLL, fludarabine is also used in conditioning regimens prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It helps to suppress the immune system, reducing the risk of graft rejection and improving the chances of successful engraftment of donor cells.

Fludarabine is typically given intravenously or orally, depending on the specific treatment protocol. It is important for patients to be closely closely monitored for potential side effects, which can include myelosuppression, infections, and neurological symptoms. Regular blood tests are often required to check for any adverse effects on blood cell counts.

Overall, fludarabine plays a crucial role in the management of hematologic malignancies and in preparing patients for stem cell transplantation.