Thioproperazine is primarily used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions. It functions as an antipsychotic agent by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, helping to manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking. Additionally, it has been employed to alleviate severe anxiety and agitation in certain clinical settings. Its use is typically reserved for cases where other treatments have proven ineffective due to its potent effects and potential side effects. Proper medical supervision is essential when administering this medication to ensure safety and efficacy.