Iloperidone is primarily used in the treatment of schizophrenia, a chronic and severe mental disorder. It functions as an atypical antipsychotic, helping to manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. The medication works by balancing dopamine and serotonin levels in the brain, which are often disrupted in individuals with schizophrenia. It is particularly beneficial for patients who may not respond well to other antipsychotic treatments or who experience significant side effects from other medications. Iloperidone is also considered for its relatively lower risk of causing movement disorders, a common issue with some antipsychotics. Its use is typically part of a comprehensive treatment plan that may include therapy and other supportive measures to improve overall mental health and quality of life.